MBBS, FHKAM(Medicine), FRCP(Edin)
Dr LEE is Consultant in-charge of the AIDS Clinical Service in Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong. He is the President of the Hong Kong Society for HIV Medicine since 2018. He is also serving as Member of the Council for the AIDS Trust Fund, and the Chairman of its Medical and Support Services Sub-committee.
Introduction Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a double-stranded DNA virus in the herpes virus family. CMV is the commonest viral opportunistic pathogen in patients with AIDS. CMV disease in AIDS patients is mainly due to reactivation of latent infection rather than primary infection. Risk factors for development of CMV diseases include advanced immunosuppression with a CD4 count […]
Introduction Cryptococcus neoformans is an encapsulated yeast found ubiquitously in soil worldwide. It causes the majority of HIV-associated cryptococcal infections. The yeast spreads haematogenously from the lung to the central nervous system (CNS). Other possible disseminated sites include skin, bone, and the genitourinary tract, but meninges appear to be the preferred site. The reasons are […]
Introduction Pneumocystis organisms were first reported by Carlos Chagas in 1909. It was initially thought to be a protozoan but reclassified as a fungus in 1988 after DNA sequence analysis. More recently, additional DNA data showed that Pneumocystis organisms from different host species have very different DNA sequences, indicating presence of multiple species. The microbe […]
Introduction HIV-associated lymphomas are predominantly aggressive B-cell lymphomas. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) classification, HIV-associated systemic non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas (HIV-NHLs) include diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), HIV-associated primary central nervous system lymphoma (HIV-PCNSL), Burkitt lymphoma (BL), primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) and plasmablastic lymphoma of the oral cavity. Hodgkin disease, though not an AIDS-defining condition, […]
Introduction Worldwide, cancer is the third leading cause of death. Evolving demographic shift leads to the projection that cancer cases and deaths will double globally over the next 20-40 years. HIV infection poses an increased risk of cancers, the cause of which is multifactorial. HIV-associated immunosuppression compromises the ability to mount an immune response against […]
